From the images, I'd treat it as priority to the right.
However, my recommendation is to always drive/cycle as though everyone else on the road is a suicidal/murderous idiot. Let the person who's in the wrong go through.
That roundabout sign is always coupled with sharkteeth on the ground and a "Kein Vortritt" sign (yield, upside-down red triangle on white ground) for the entering roads. The latter to improve visibility, the signs on the ground are the final arbiter but they may get covered, hence the "repetition" by signpost.
That pole with the surrounding circle structure is just an obstacle in the middle of the road. A complete moron without even one braincell had it placed there without any lighting or similar, in a clouded rainy night it may well cause accidents Usually an object like that has a white-on-blue arrow on a round shields attached to indicate the side it needs to be passed on. Typically that's on the right, but that appears to be far from clear here.
Based on the picture in #16 IMHO the "natural" way is to pass it on the left if turning left like OP, take a shortcut. Which OP appears to have attempted and caused the issue.
The additional pictures in the thread clearly show RechtsVortrtitt to me, yield to those from your right.
Ah my blue arrow is drawn poorly-- it’s intended to show that I was going straight. I passed the bollard thing on the right and went straight into the road with the no-entry sign (as mentioned earlier, bikes are permitted).
You raise an interesting point about which side to pass the bollard thing on. Even if I were turning left I would go around it (as in, to the right of it, and then turn). So in that regard my brain treats it as a roundabout.
For cars, an intersection with three exits and four entrances. For bikes, four and four. I don't know how Swiss law work on this, but in other countries roundabouts are legally defined. If there's no roundabout sign, and no give ways signs on the ground priority to the right applies.
I interpreted your "What's back there" that you had already passed the actual crossings. Which, in my mind, required you turning left, otherwise there could be no conflict because you'd already be past each other.
Anyways, circular traffic/road is not the same as a roundabout. This is a normal crossings with priority to the right.
this is excellent advice, whether the OP has right of way or not, a bike is not safe on most roads (unless there are bike lanes like in the Netherlands) and definitely not from a car or truck.
Hard to explain without a graphic; this is what happened. Red X is where we both thought we had priority. But then as we passed I was already looking back at him and he slowed down and stopped at the purple O and I turned around to go have our little chat.
I still have no clue. So a bollard in the middle means it’s a Mini-Kreisel? Okay … What about the white checkered ring? I assume that’s just a speed bump?
I’m still leaning toward it not being a Kreisel. If I wanted to take this question to it’s absolute conclusion, who would I contact? Strassenverkehrsamt Züri?