It is a bit long but cover most of the points. But still it is for the UK. I hope here it is not much difference. Neither answer my question but might the questions of somebody else.
Water Regulations Tutorial #8 – Showers Baths Bidets
Steve Hockley Grace - Technical Director - Arrow Valves
Updated 01/06/10
Bathrooms contain many types of water fitting which can be a source of contamination. The level of backflow protection required is dependant on the fitting and type of property. Modern plumbing systems supply the cold and hot water at mains pressure - or boosted for tall buildings. Such unvented systems have many advantages over gravity (vented) designs including – improved water quality, simpler pipe work, higher flow rates and reduced bacterial growth (less chlorination).
Many European bathroom fittings are designed for high pressure supplies and consequently the flow rate at typical gravity pressures (less than 1 bar) is often inadequate. With so many European fashion-styled fittings available, the designer is almost compelled to design new and refurbished properties with an unvented hot water system.
Older buildings in the UK often have cold mains (or boosted) supply and vented hot from a cold storage cistern. This creates a problem when using mixer taps, where the equal sized high pressure ports provide poor flow from the hot. Thermostatic Mixing Valves (TMVs) are designed for equal supply pressures and are likely to perform poorly with unbalanced hot and cold pressures. These are just some of the reasons for installing an unvented hot water system – there are many more.
When designing an unvented plumbing system, great care is required to provide the correct backflow protection. Schedule 2, paragraph 15 requires point of use protection –
“Subject to the following provisions of this paragraph, every water system shall contain an adequate device or devices for preventing backflow of fluid from any appliance, fitting or process from occurring”.
In addition to backflow prevention, public bathrooms should be designed to minimise Legionella risks and to provide hot water at a safe temperature.
Bidets
The contents of a bidet are Fluid Category 5. For hygiene reasons, bidets must be supplied with domestic water, meaning Fluid Category 1 (cold) or Fluid Category 2 (hot).
There are two types of bidet – over-rim and ascending spray. G15.11 deals with over-rim bidets –
“Bidets in domestic locations with taps or mixers located above the spillover level of the appliance, and not incorporating an ascending spray inlet below spillover level or spray and flexible hose, may be served from either a supply pipe or a distributing pipe provided that the water outlets discharge with a Type AUK2 air gap above the spillover level of the appliance”.
The words “domestic locations” would exclude health care premises. Here, the tap gap should be upgraded to type AUK3.
Most bidets found in hospitals and nursing homes tend to be the ascending spray type or feature a submergible hose. The Water Regulations Guide shows many illustrations for vented systems but none for unvented, other than R15.19.1, which concedes it is difficult to operate effectively.
Unvented (mains or boosted) systems require a type AB air gap feeding the bidet. The same cistern cannot be used for the general hot services.
The most practical arrangement is a cistern (break tank) with type AB air gap supplying cold water to a bidet and also supplying a dedicated electrical heater or heat exchanger (hot water cylinder). The heater should not store warm water at 43OC - due to risk of bacterial growth (e.g. Legionella and Cryptosporidium). The water should be stored at 60OC min. (we suggest 80OC max.) and a Thermostatic Mixing Valve (TMV) - meeting the requirements of TMV3 scheme – should be used at point of use – see TMV heading.
The Water Regulations Guide illustrates a number of ways to install a bidet from a cistern (i.e. vented) but there are no illustrations or R clauses for an unvented installation. G15.10 states –
B
Arrow Valves suggestion for an unvented hot and cold supply to a Fluid Category 5 fitting
(e.g. Bidet, Bath/Shower – Healthcare)
idets of this type (submergible outlets) may;
“ Be supplied with cold and/or hot water through Type AA, AB, or AD backflow prevention arrangements serving the bidet only; or, ... “
In practice a type AA air gap must not be used for a cistern and type AD “Jump-Jet” are normally for small (e.g. 3 mm bore) OEM applications. The only practical option is therefore type AB air gap. To comply with all the requirements of the Water Regulations, Arrow Valves have designed a solution – see diagram above.
The diagram illustrates our standard compact Break Tank and Booster Set (model BTAB), which has a type AB air gap. An integral pressure vessel is used to control the pump, which must not be used for volume expansion due to temperature increase. A separate “Expansion Vessel” must be used which should be sized to accommodate the expansion (typically 4% of system volume).
To comply with Clause G17.3, a “flow through” Expansion Vessel is required. This design addresses the bacteria growth problem (e.g. Legionella) that breed in single pipe Expansion Vessels.
Temperature Measurement
Once installed, the outlet temperature must be set using a probe digital thermometer with a minimum refresh rate of 4 times a second.
· Cold - the cold temperature can be measured at the cold tap. This should be below 20OC (R17.1.3)
· Hot - insert probe into test point (15 mm kit versions). This should be above 55OC (G18.2)
· Mixed - the mixed temperature at the “hot” tap should be set slightly below the maximum permissible
temperature – use values in table below if no other specification is provided
For domestic situations - including hotels - ensure the bath shower hose has an approved HC diverter valve. If not, fit a Double Check Valve. For health care premises, consider the consequences of not providing Fluid Category 5 protection. All public hot water outlets - including schools, hotels etc – must be have a TMV (or equivalent) set to discharge at no more than 43OC. Zone backflow designs must specifically be approved by the local water company. All proposed commercial installations must be notified – see tutorial 5 .